Firearms in Massachusetts School Zones: The Rules

Section 10(j) of MGL Chapter 269^[1] prohibits carrying firearms (loaded or unloaded) and other dangerous weapons in any building or on the grounds of elementary and secondary schools, colleges, and universities. It is Massachusetts's state-law parallel to the federal Gun-Free School Zones Act, though it covers the buildings and grounds directly rather than the federal 1,000-foot zone.

Key Element

A valid LTC is not a defense. The statute applies "notwithstanding any license obtained by the person pursuant to chapter 140."

Special Definition

For Section 10(j), "firearm" means "any pistol, revolver, rifle or smoothbore arm from which a shot, bullet or pellet can be discharged." This retains the operability requirement ("can be discharged") even though Chapter 135 changed the general Section 121 definition. The inclusion of "pellet" brings air guns within scope.

Penalties

Carrying violation: Fine up to $1,000, imprisonment up to 2 years (house of correction), or both. No mandatory minimum
School officials failing to report: Misdemeanor fine up to $500

Exceptions

Qualified law enforcement officers and qualified retired law enforcement officers (as defined by LEOSA, 18 U.S.C. Sections 926B-926C^[2])
Persons with written authorization from the board or officer in charge of the institution

Chapter 135 Changes

Chapter 135 of the Acts of 2024^[3], Sections 122-123, broadened the law enforcement exception to include qualified retired officers under LEOSA. It also added "including transport used for students of said institution," meaning school buses are now explicitly covered.

Related Provisions

Section 10(k) (created by Chapter 135, Section 124) establishes new prohibited areas for government buildings, polling places, and other locations. 18 U.S.C. Section 922(q) is the federal Gun-Free School Zones Act.

Referendum Status

The Chapter 135 amendments (LEOSA expansion and school transport coverage) are subject to the November 2026 referendum.

MGL Chapter 269, Section 10(j):
Carrying a Firearm in a School Zone